azure-ai-ml-py — Python SDK для управления Azure Machine Learning

--- name: azure-ai-ml-py description: Azure Machine Learning SDK v2 for Python. Use for ML workspaces, jobs, models, datasets, compute, and pipelines. risk: unknown source: community date_added: '2026-02-27' --- # Azure Machine Learning SDK v2 for Python Client library for managing Azure ML resources: workspaces, jobs, models, data, and compute. ## Installation ```bash pip install azure-ai-ml ``` ## Environment Variables ```bash AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID=<your-subscription-id> AZURE_RESOURCE_GROUP=<your-resource-group> AZURE_ML_WORKSPACE_NAME=<your-workspace-name> ``` ## Authentication ```python from azure.ai.ml import MLClient from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential ml_client = MLClient( credential=DefaultAzureCredential(), subscription_id=os.environ["AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID"], resource_group_name=os.environ["AZURE_RESOURCE_GROUP"], workspace_name=os.environ["AZURE_ML_WORKSPACE_NAME"] ) ``` ### From Config File ```python from azure.ai.ml import MLClient from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential # Uses config.json in current directory or parent ml_client = MLClient.from_config( credential=DefaultAzureCredential() ) ``` ## Workspace Management ### Create Workspace ```python from azure.ai.ml.entities import Workspace ws = Workspace( name="my-workspace", location="eastus", display_name="My Workspace", description="ML workspace for experiments", tags={"purpose": "demo"} ) ml_client.workspaces.begin_create(ws).result() ``` ### List Workspaces ```python for ws in ml_client.workspaces.list(): print(f"{ws.name}: {ws.location}") ``` ## Data Assets ### Register Data ```python from azure.ai.ml.entities import Data from azure.ai.ml.constants import AssetTypes # Register a file my_data = Data( name="my-dataset", version="1", path="azureml://datastores/workspaceblobstore/paths/data/train.csv", type=AssetTypes.URI_FILE, description="Training data" ) ml_client.data.create_or_update(my_data) ``` ### Register Folder ```python my_data = Data( name="my-folder-dataset", version="1", path="azureml://datastores/workspaceblobstore/paths/data/", type=AssetTypes.URI_FOLDER ) ml_client.data.create_or_update(my_data) ``` ## Model Registry ### Register Model ```python from azure.ai.ml.entities import Model from azure.ai.ml.constants import AssetTypes model = Model( name="my-model", version="1", path="./model/", type=AssetTypes.CUSTOM_MODEL, description="My trained model" ) ml_client.models.create_or_update(model) ``` ### List Models ```python for model in ml_client.models.list(name="my-model"): print(f"{model.name} v{model.version}") ``` ## Compute ### Create Compute Cluster ```python from azure.ai.ml.entities import AmlCompute cluster = AmlCompute( name="cpu-cluster", type="amlcompute", size="Standard_DS3_v2", min_instances=0, max_instances=4, idle_time_before_scale_down=120 ) ml_client.compute.begin_create_or_update(cluster).result() ``` ### List Compute ```python for compute in ml_client.compute.list(): print(f"{compute.name}: {compute.type}") ``` ## Jobs ### Command Job ```python from azure.ai.ml import command, Input job = command( code="./src", command="python train.py --data ${{inputs.data}} --lr ${{inputs.learning_rate}}", inputs={ "data": Input(type="uri_folder", path="azureml:my-dataset:1"), "learning_rate": 0.01 }, environment="AzureML-sklearn-1.0-ubuntu20.04-py38-cpu@latest", compute="cpu-cluster", display_name="training-job" ) returned_job = ml_client.jobs.create_or_update(job) print(f"Job URL: {returned_job.studio_url}") ``` ### Monitor Job ```python ml_client.jobs.stream(returned_job.name) ``` ## Pipelines ```python from azure.ai.ml import dsl, Input, Output from azure.ai.ml.entities import Pipeline @dsl.pipeline( compute="cpu-cluster", description="Training pipeline" ) def training_pipeline(data_input): prep_step = prep_component(data=data_input) train_step = train_component( data=prep_step.outputs.output_data, learning_rate=0.01 ) return {"model": train_step.outputs.model} pipeline = training_pipeline( data_input=Input(type="uri_folder", path="azureml:my-dataset:1") ) pipeline_job = ml_client.jobs.create_or_update(pipeline) ``` ## Environments ### Create Custom Environment ```python from azure.ai.ml.entities import Environment env = Environment( name="my-env", version="1", image="mcr.microsoft.com/azureml/openmpi4.1.0-ubuntu20.04", conda_file="./environment.yml" ) ml_client.environments.create_or_update(env) ``` ## Datastores ### List Datastores ```python for ds in ml_client.datastores.list(): print(f"{ds.name}: {ds.type}") ``` ### Get Default Datastore ```python default_ds = ml_client.datastores.get_default() print(f"Default: {default_ds.name}") ``` ## MLClient Operations | Property | Operations | |----------|------------| | `workspaces` | create, get, list, delete | | `jobs` | create_or_update, get, list, stream, cancel | | `models` | create_or_update, get, list, archive | | `data` | create_or_update, get, list | | `compute` | begin_create_or_update, get, list, delete | | `environments` | create_or_update, get, list | | `datastores` | create_or_update, get, list, get_default | | `components` | create_or_update, get, list | ## Best Practices 1. **Use versioning** for data, models, and environments 2. **Configure idle scale-down** to reduce compute costs 3. **Use environments** for reproducible training 4. **Stream job logs** to monitor progress 5. **Register models** after successful training jobs 6. **Use pipelines** for multi-step workflows 7. **Tag resources** for organization and cost tracking ## When to Use This skill is applicable to execute the workflow or actions described in the overview.